Grooving tool



Aug. 29, 1950 o. v. JOHNSON GROOVING TOOL .W u w n 1 o my 1 @ww Smwmwbwk wm 5 Y n @1 ///v u rma v T. l1 1`\\|.A NM.; m NM Q a Q QN \\& l n li uw w mw y E. .nw w \m l. m. F .QN o? m mw mw mw i A118- 29, 1950 o. v. JOHNSON 2,520,639

GROOVING TOOL Filed May 16, 1945 's sheets-sheet 2 fil, '/u/enlon Orcia 1./ Johnson (Ra-WMM,

Aug. 29, 1950 o. v. JOHNSON 2,520,639

GROOVING TOOL Filed May 16, 1945 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 yy 1 I ummm!!! i Patented Aug. 29, 1950 UNITED STATES PAT-ENT oFFiCE -(FrRQOYING T1001 OrrcV. zo'hnsom Erie, Pa.

.Applicationiafy .1.6, 1945, ScrialNo. 594,068 .2 ofaims. (emv-ss) 1 invention relates .to tools .for forming grooves and for undercutting in Work in which it operates.

A tool in accordance with the invention is Apartcularlv lfor use .on types of lmachines that :have insuicient vdwell to permit use -oi .the or fdinary outside .-necking or zgroei/ine tool .usually operating from the side. .The invention .also @provides tools `for formation of Lannular .grooves vinside of work, for .undercutting at bottom .of deep holes,.and for .undercutting deep holes withnut .bottom It is .fa-n object VIof vthe .invention .te .provide tools of this character in which parts are .so formed and .arranged that the cutters ther-eci remain :out .of :contact with the ,wor-l: and :thais .inactive -nntil they reach the ple/ce at which grooving or Aundercutting .-is .te loe performed .and in which the cutters ,then are fed'automatically .into the work,

Another object of the invention is Y.to provide e. tool `in .which the cutters automatically are ytracked .from the work :before ,release of the l.tool itself rom the `Work.

- l"iherefore, the cutters span, meer, and .do Anot not l,on .other parts of r-the work in ,reaelfiing fand leaving the "pl-aces .of Agroin/'ing @or .underentting. v l When considered with :the description herein, nharaeteristics fof the .invention `are apparent in the laecompanyi-ng drawing, wherein adapt-ations of the invention are disclosed.

:Likereference characters refer to eorrespondfing-partsiiin the views of ythe.drafvvingof which Fig. V1 is lan rend View of an external ycutting tool;

Eig. 2 .is fa section son line 2-2 Fig. l; Fig. .3 l.is .a section on :line 3-13, .Ei-g. A1; Figs is a. sectionon .line 4 4, y1i,g,f..,-.Z; Figs. 5 'and 6 are l.views :illustratie/eroi the nw sition of parts when the cutters are, respectively, at .completion Aol cutting action and when the tool is .retracting from a piece :of Work;

Fig. :7 is an end View of an internal cutting tool;

Eig. 48 is view, mainly in section, .on line f8-dt., A

Fig. 7

Eig. `9 is Aan .end View lof ,another .form of 1in- Ai'fernal cutting Vtool;

Eig. :10 .is .a section lon line HL-L3, .11; ,-Fig. :1.1 is .a section ,-on .line :1H- .1 l., .1;0,.; Fig.. ,-12 Vis a section on line t2-ell., 11,;

. Fig. 13 is fan end .view of still lanother :form .-.o

internal cutting tool;

Fig. 14 isa section 'on `line :M -IA, Fie. l;5; Fig. .15 .is .a section online Ile-t5, le.; .ll-ig.. ..16 is asection on dine AeB-1E, Fig.. :1.5; lFig.. .-17 is ari-end view '.of ,an internal lgrooving .tool .having a single cutter;

Fig. -18 :is `a view, partly .in vlongitudinal section, pi a tool having-arcutting .end as showniby of being held Vand .rotated by .a machine etnici:y

vor vother vcornloarable pa-rt. The shaft "has .an annular :flange 2:9, preferably integrally formed thereon, and .from ,the viiange theshaft :of Muni ,form A.diameter to shoulder `or abutment .i2-i., beyond which .it extends .as .a terminal vpart- 22 ci ,smaller diameter..

The .shaft has oppositely .positioned longitudi nal Vslots 23 in its ,portion-beyond lthe nenes.. .The :bottoms -of the .sl-ots Vare cam .surfaces )24, whichslant toward the vshaft axis and toward the vfree .end .of the shaft. Y

.Two pairs of ioppositely .disposed guide jreds and a pair of similarly positioned stop rods 2s? .areiixedin the .ange 2.9 and 'they varedisxposed .substantially parallel lto the shaitaxis. .The rods .2.6, which Ialso `nnction `as guides, have .heads ,or abntments .251.

A .sleeve 28 is :slidable `longidzudinslly on the ,portion .of `the shaft beyond the flange 2s. y sleeve has bores A=29 into which the .guide rods 25 extend. Springs .on therods .25 `.are interposed between the .flange 2t Vand `-the rear end nf the sleeve .and-nurse the latter vtfori/vnrdiy. .sleeve also has .bores .3l into which the rods .Ille extend. Each fef .the bores l."ll Acontains --annbntw ment 32 constituting stops, or Contact by the .heads 42J v.of the :reds therein to limit vifor-Ward Imovement of the sleeve by urge .of the springs 31.9.

`The l.bores 3l `.of the sleeve .are rclosed yat their @outer :ends .by screw plugs i3d- Q, with which the inner ends of the-.rods .2t may Contact and thus limit the forward movement .of the .shaft in the sleeve and consequently .limit the extent A.ofcntting.action/oi" the cutter arms. Thefamount .off that action may be regulated .by turning the plugs.

vThe :sleeve has .longitudinal oppositelydis.- :posed slots 3.3 Yopening to its bore, These rslots are .intersec-ted .by pins 34 press fitted :into @lace .th-rough holes 35.

Cutter arms 35 in the ,slots f3.3 `are pivoted lne- .tween their ends -on the Apins 3;13. v'The arms 35 .are-.formed with I:cutters 3J at .their outer ends. IIT-he portions of :the cutter .arms lnon `the other Asides of their pivots have inclined surfaces 13,3., which are urged ,aga-inst fthe cani .surfaces 2li of the shaft I9 by .springs 39, Athe latter abel-ing 'held the wall -ef the sleeve by .plugs 4e.

The -ear :portion `.of the bore of the sleeve 2.8 is'of fa diameter to -t the `main portion .fof ythe shaft +9, it laas -asredneing shoulder di to peontact with the .shoulder .2| of .the shaft, and be yond the .shoulder it is of :a .diameter :to fvt the termin-a1 aart 22--of the .shaft The parts are so proportioned and related that, when the cutters are finretracted inactive position, they .are disposed as 'shown in fFigs. .2 v-and 3 6. They are so retained by urge of the springs 39 when the headsr21 of the rods 26 are against the abutments Y32.

When the tool is advanced toward a piece of work, the cutters remain in the inactive position until they reach the part of the work to be grooved. When the outer end of the sleeve 26 contacts a face of the work, advance movement of the sleeve stops, but the shaft I9 continues to move forward in the sleeve. The parts are so related that, when the sleeve reaches the work face, the cutters are at the place to be grooved. The following advance of the sleeve, by action of the cam surfaces thereof on those of the cutter arms, swings the cutters against the work until the groove is formed.

Approach of the cutters to and arrival at the cutting position are illustrated by Figs. 6 and 5, respectively, wherein, and also in some other views, a chuck A shown in outline holds a piece of work B, which latter has a protruding part C which is to be grooved between its threaded portion D and the main part of the work.

As the sleeve approaches the face of the work and until it reaches the face, the cutters are spread and clear the threaded part D. When the sleeve contacts the face of the Work and its advance thereby is stopped, the shaft continues to advance, and the coacting cam surfaces of the shaft and cutter arms feeds the cutters against the work.

The depth of the groove is governed by limitation of forward movement of the shaft in the sleeve. For a groove of predetermined depth, the range of forward movement of the shaft in the sleeve is that between the shaft shoulder 2| When it is in retracted position and the sleeve shoulder 4I, as seen in Fig. 3. The cutting action stops when the shoulders meet.

When the groove is finished, retrograde movement is given to the shaft. During the initial l part of that movement, the springs 30 retain the the sleeve after the latter contacts a face of the l work, and they retract first from the formed groove and then pass other parts of the work without injury thereto during recession of the shaft while it is rotating.

Although the tool has been described as rotating and reciprocating while in use, it is to be understood that its functioning is equally automatic and eicient when it is on-reciprocal and the work moves to and from it, and whether either the tool or work rotates.

An adaptation of the invention in 'an internal grooving tool is shown by Figs. 7 and 8. 'I'herein the'shaft I9 and the sleeve 28 are associated in a manner similar to those of the outside groover. However, the cutter arms 36 are pivoted at their inner ends in the sleeve slots 33, and the cutters 31 at the outer ends of the arms are outwardly disposed.

As with the outside groover, when the sleeve comes to the :face of the work, the shaft, con- 4 tinuing its advance in the sleeve, causes the cutter arms to feed the cutters to the work. After completion of the groove, the cutters clear the groove and other parts ofthe work in a manner similar to thatof the outside cutting tool.

A tool, in accordance with this invention, for

undercutting at or near the bottom of holes, is illustrated by Figs. 9, 10, 11, and 12. In this form the shaft I9 has an enlarged head 42 as a part thereof. The head contains a longitudinal chamber 43, which is open at its end and is coaxial with the shaft.

, A spring 44 in the inner end of the chamber urges outwardly a bar member 45, which is reciprocable in the chamber and extends outside thereof to a contact end 46. That member has a longitudinal slot 41 opening to its perimeter. The'member also is cutaway at its perimeter, as shown at 48, to provide spaced abutments or shoulders 49 and 5B. A pin 5I, fixed in the head 42, extends transversely between the abutments and by contact therewith limits longitudinal movement of the bar 45 in the head. a

The member 45 has a transverse pivot pin 52 fixed therein, and thereon an elongated cutter arm 53 in the slot 4l is mounted at one end. The cutter arm has an outwardly disposed cutter 54 on its outer end, which is positioned inside of the contact end 46 of the member 45. The cutter arm also has a cam surface 55 on its side opposite to the cutter 54. An elongated cam member 56, as a part of the shaft I9, is fixed at one end in the shaft, and it extends alongside of the cam surface of the cutter arm, where it has a cam surface 51. The cutter arm is urged against that surface by a spring 58.

The parts have inactive positions as shown by Figs. 10 and 11, the stop 5I preventing the spring 44 from pushing the member 45 outwardly.

When it is desired to undercut at or near the bottom of a hole, the parts of the tool protruding from the head 42 are moved into the hole. When the end 46 of member 45 reaches the bottom of the hole, advancing movement of the member 45 and of the cutter arm 53 cease, but the head continues to be pushed forwardly.

This causes the cam member 56 of the shaft to spread and feed the cutter against the wall of the hole and to form a groove of the depth desired. The distance between the abutments 49 and 50 is such that the pin 5I reaches the forward one of them and stops the forward action of the cam member 56 on the cutter arms and thus action of the cutters when a groove of the desired 'depth is formed.

Upon completion of the undercut, the head 42 and the cam member 56 therein are permitted to recede Vwith respect to the member 45, with the result that the spring 58 swings the cutter'arm 53 and draws the cutter from the groove. Thereupon the tool can be removed from the Work.

Figs. 13, 14, 15, and 16 illustrate another form of internal grooving or undercutting tool, which is capable of cutting laterally in holes without bottom and in bottomed holes above the bottom. This form is similar in its principles of operation to those of Figs. 1-6 and 7 and 8, but it differs in detail.

It includes a Sleeve 28, which is slidable on the shaft I9. The shaft with its cam bottomed slots 23 extends, however, as a bar-like member outside of the sleeve, and it is ofa size to enter and to support elongatedcutter arms 36 in a hole in which cutting is performed. Functioning of the parts is similar to the forms of Figs. 1-6 and '7 and which projects beyond the sleeve and supports the cutter arm.

Because of the relative proximity of the cutter arm urging spring 39 to the pivotal point of the arm, a spring 59, which also urges the arm against the cam bottom of the shaft slot, is attached to the end of the shaft by a pin 60 and to a D Ojection 6l on the end of the cutter arm. Thel spring A59 supplements the retractive urge of the spring 39 on the relatively long cutter arm.

I claim:

1. A grooving ltool comprising a shaft having a longitudinal cam-bottomed slot, a sleeve recipro- 'cable on said shaft and having a bore containing 2. A grooving tool comprising a, shaftcontaining a longitudinal chamber, a supporting memformed to enterfa hole, a cutter arr 'p, oted in the slot of said meinber near one endfa't-a place in side of said chamber and having m surface near its otheijfend. an elongate member xed to said shaft and extendin herefrom lie--A tween the bottom of said slot ""'said cutter arm, and having a cam surface that of said cutter arm, a spring ur' ng that arm against said cam member, another'jspring urging said slotted member outwardly, and a stop limiting that movement at an inactive position of said cutter arm. 4

` ORRIC v.JoHNsoN.

vREFERENCES CI'ED The following references are of record in the le of this patent: y y

UNITED STATES PATENTSY Number Name .v Date 578,805 Annable Mar. 16, 1897 1,530,593 Calkins Mar. 24, 1925 1,922,630 Oberhuber l Aug. 15, 1933 2,040,761 R/othschmitt May 12, 1936 2,115,319 Roye Apr. 26, 1938 2,214,484 Seal Sept. 10, 1940 2,333,935 Jones -Nov, 9, 1943 2,356,402 Haynes Aug. 22, 1944 2,401,074

Huelster f May 28, 1946 erable with 

